fourmolu
A formatter for Haskell source code
https://github.com/fourmolu/fourmolu
| Version on this page: | 0.9.0.0@rev:1 |
| LTS Haskell 22.36: | 0.14.0.0 |
| Stackage Nightly 2024-10-03: | 0.15.0.0@rev:1 |
| Latest on Hackage: | 0.16.2.0 |
fourmolu-0.9.0.0@sha256:0591609a168fe2839ebb2d02a2300626b6178a8924ea184e49eae4f571b27241,7732Module documentation for 0.9.0.0
- Ormolu
- Ormolu.Config
- Ormolu.Diff
- Ormolu.Exception
- Ormolu.Fixity
- Ormolu.Imports
- Ormolu.Parser
- Ormolu.Printer
- Ormolu.Printer.Combinators
- Ormolu.Printer.Comments
- Ormolu.Printer.Internal
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Common
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Annotation
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Class
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Data
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Default
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Foreign
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Instance
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.OpTree
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.RoleAnnotation
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Rule
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Signature
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Splice
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Type
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.TypeFamily
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Value
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Declaration.Warning
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.ImportExport
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Module
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Pragma
- Ormolu.Printer.Meat.Type
- Ormolu.Printer.Operators
- Ormolu.Printer.SpanStream
- Ormolu.Processing
- Ormolu.Terminal
- Ormolu.Utils
Fourmolu
Fourmolu is a formatter for Haskell source code. It is a fork of Ormolu, with the intention to continue to merge upstream improvements.
We share all bar one of Ormolu’s goals:
- Using GHC’s own parser to avoid parsing problems caused by
haskell-src-exts. - Let some whitespace be programmable. The layout of the input influences the layout choices in the output. This means that the choices between single-line/multi-line layouts in certain situations are made by the user, not by an algorithm. This makes the implementation simpler and leaves some control to the user while still guaranteeing that the formatted code is stylistically consistent.
- Writing code in such a way so it’s easy to modify and maintain.
- That formatting style aims to result in minimal diffs.
- Choose a style compatible with modern dialects of Haskell. As new Haskell extensions enter broad use, we may change the style to accommodate them.
- Idempotence: formatting already formatted code doesn’t change it.
- Be well-tested and robust so that the formatter can be used in large projects.
- ~~Implementing one “true” formatting style which admits no configuration.~~ We allow configuration of various parameters, via CLI options or config files. We encourage any contributions which add further flexibility.
Configuration
Available options
Defaults are in bold.
| Configuration option | Valid options | Description |
|---|---|---|
indentation |
any non-negative integer (4) |
How many spaces to use as an indent |
function-arrows |
trailing, leading |
Where to place arrows in type signatures |
comma-style |
leading, trailing |
Where to place commas in lists, tuples, etc. |
import-export-style |
leading, trailing, diff-friendly |
How to format multiline import/export lists (diff-friendly lists have trailing commas but keep the opening parenthesis on the same line as import) |
indent-wheres |
true, false |
Use an extra level of indentation vs only half-indent the where keyword |
record-brace-space |
true, false |
rec {x = 1} vs rec{x = 1} |
newlines-between-decls |
any integer (1) |
Number of newlines between top-level declarations |
haddock-style |
single-line, multi-line, multi-line-compact |
Use -- |, {- |, or {-| for multiline haddocks (single-line haddocks always use --) |
let-style |
inline, newline, auto, mixed |
How to style let blocks (auto uses newline if there’s a newline in the input and inline otherwise, and mixed uses inline only when the let has exactly one binding) |
in-style |
left-align, right-align |
How to align the in keyword with respect to let |
unicode |
always, detect, never |
Output Unicode syntax. With detect we output Unicode syntax exactly when the extension is seen to be enabled. |
respectful |
true, false |
Be less aggressive in reformatting input, e.g. keep empty lines in import list |
fixities |
list of strings ([]) |
See the “Language extensions, dependencies, and fixities” section below |
For examples of each of these options, see the test files.
Specifying configuration
Configuration options may be specified in either a fourmolu.yaml file or via command-line options. Fourmolu looks for a fourmolu.yaml file in all parents of the current directory, followed by the XDG config directory.
A complete configuration file, corresponding to Fourmolu’s default options, looks like:
indentation: 4
function-arrows: trailing
comma-style: leading
import-export-style: diff-friendly
indent-wheres: false
record-brace-space: false
newlines-between-decls: 1
haddock-style: multi-line
let-style: auto
in-style: right-align
respectful: true
fixities: []
unicode: never
The configuration that most closely matches Ormolu’s styling is:
indentation: 2
function-arrows: trailing
comma-style: trailing
import-export-style: trailing
indent-wheres: true
record-brace-space: true
newlines-between-decls: 1
haddock-style: single-line
let-style: inline
in-style: right-align
respectful: false
fixities: []
unicode: never
Command-line options override options in a configuration file. Run fourmolu --help to see all options.
Installation
To install the latest release from Hackage, simply install with Cabal or Stack:
$ cabal install fourmolu
$ stack install fourmolu
Building from source
$ cabal build -fdev
$ stack build --flag fourmolu:dev
The dev flag may be omitted in your local workflow as you work, but CI may not pass if you only build without the dev flag.
Usage
The following will print the formatted output to the standard output.
$ fourmolu Module.hs
Add -i (or --mode inplace) to replace the contents of the input file with the formatted output.
$ fourmolu -i Module.hs
Use find to format a tree recursively:
$ fourmolu -i $(find . -name '*.hs')
Or find all files in a project with git ls-files:
$ fourmolu --mode inplace $(git ls-files '*.hs')
Or directly specify a directory (will recursively process all *.hs files)
$ fourmolu -i src
To check if files are are already formatted (useful on CI):
$ fourmolu --mode check $(find . -name '*.hs')
:zap: Beware git’s core.autocrlf on Windows :zap:
Fourmolu’s output always uses LF line endings. In particular,
fourmolu --mode check will fail if its input is correctly formatted
except that it has CRLF line endings. This situation can happen on Windows
when checking out a git repository without having set core.autocrlf
to false.
Editor integration
Fourmolu can be integrated with your editor via the Haskell Language Server. Just set haskell.formattingProvider to fourmolu (instructions).
Language extensions, dependencies, and fixities
Fourmolu automatically locates the Cabal file that corresponds to a given
source code file. When input comes from stdin, one can pass
--stdin-input-file which will give Fourmolu the location of the Haskell
source file that should be used as the starting point for searching for a
suitable Cabal file. Cabal files are used to extract both default extensions
and dependencies. Default extensions directly affect behavior of the GHC
parser, while dependencies are used to figure out fixities of operators that
appear in the source code. Fixities can also be overridden with the fixities configuration option in fourmolu.yaml, e.g.
fixities:
- infixr 9 .
- infixr 5 ++
- infixl 4 <$
- infixl 1 >>, >>=
- infixr 1 =<<
- infixr 0 $, $!
- infixl 4 <*>, <*, *>, <**>
It uses exactly the same syntax as usual Haskell fixity declarations to make it easier for Haskellers to edit and maintain.
Besides, all of the above-mentioned parameters can be controlled from the command line:
- Language extensions can be specified with the
-oor--ghc-optflag. - Dependencies can be specified with the
-por--packageflag. - Fixities can be specified with the
-for--fixityflag.
Searching for .cabal files can be disabled by passing
--no-cabal.
Magic comments
Fourmolu understands two magic comments:
{- FOURMOLU_DISABLE -}
and
{- FOURMOLU_ENABLE -}
This allows us to disable formatting selectively for code between these
markers or disable it for the entire file. To achieve the latter, just put
{- FOURMOLU_DISABLE -} at the very top. Note that for Fourmolu to work the
fragments where Fourmolu is enabled must be parseable on their own. Because of
that the magic comments cannot be placed arbitrarily, but rather must
enclose independent top-level definitions.
{- ORMOLU_DISABLE -} and {- ORMOLU_ENABLE -}, respectively, can be used to the same effect,
and the two styles of magic comments can be mixed.
Regions
One can ask Fourmolu to format a region of input and leave the rest
unformatted. This is accomplished by passing the --start-line and
--end-line command line options. --start-line defaults to the beginning
of the file, while --end-line defaults to the end.
Exit codes
| Exit code | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 0 | Success |
| 1 | General problem |
| 2 | CPP used (deprecated) |
| 3 | Parsing of original input failed |
| 4 | Parsing of formatted code failed |
| 5 | AST of original and formatted code differs |
| 6 | Formatting is not idempotent |
| 7 | Unrecognized GHC options |
| 8 | Cabal file parsing failed |
| 9 | Missing input file path when using stdin input and accounting for .cabal files |
| 10 | Parse error while parsing fixity overrides |
| 100 | In checking mode: unformatted files |
| 101 | Inplace mode does not work with stdin |
| 102 | Other issue (with multiple input files) |
| 400 | Failed to load Fourmolu configuration file |
Limitations
- CPP support is experimental. CPP is virtually impossible to handle correctly, so we process them as a sort of unchangeable snippets. This works only in simple cases when CPP conditionals surround top-level declarations. See the CPP section in the design notes for a discussion of the dangers.
- Input modules should be parsable by Haddock, which is a bit stricter criterion than just being valid Haskell modules.
- Various minor idempotence issues, most of them are related to comments.
- Fourmolu is in a fairly early stage of development. The implementation should be as stable as Ormolu, as it only makes minimal changes, and is extensively tested. But the default configuration style may change in some minor ways in the near future, as we make more options available. It will always be possible to replicate the old default behaviour with a suitable
fourmolu.yaml.
Contributing
If there are any options you’d like to see, let us know. If it’s not too complicated to implement (and especially if you implement it yourself!) then we’ll probably add it.
See DEVELOPER.md for documentation.
License
See LICENSE.md.
Copyright © 2018–2020 Tweag I/O, 2020-present Matt Parsons
Acknowledgements
The vast majority of work here has been done by the Ormolu developers, and thus they deserve almost all of the credit. This project is simply intended as a haven for those of us who admire their work, but can’t quite get on board with some of their decisions when it comes down to the details.