BSD-2-Clause licensed by Bryan O'Sullivan, Alexey Khudaykov
Maintained by Alexey Khudaykov
This version can be pinned in stack with:statistics-0.16.2.1@sha256:164523ee07f40b60f1a2e7149ddd2d42729b9076ad6a36fd7a188c89147691c2,5692

Statistics: efficient, general purpose statistics

This package provides the Statistics module, a Haskell library for working with statistical data in a space- and time-efficient way.

Where possible, we give citations and computational complexity estimates for the algorithms used.

Performance

This library has been carefully optimised for high performance. To obtain the best runtime efficiency, it is imperative to compile libraries and applications that use this library using a high level of optimisation.

Get involved!

Please report bugs via the github issue tracker.

Master git mirror:

  • git clone git://github.com/bos/statistics.git

There’s also a Mercurial mirror:

  • hg clone https://bitbucket.org/bos/statistics

(You can create and contribute changes using either Mercurial or git.)

Authors

This library is written and maintained by Bryan O’Sullivan, [email protected].

Changes

Changes in 0.16.2.1

  • Unnecessary constraint dropped from tStatisticsPaired.

  • Compatibility with QuickCheck-2.14. Test suite doesn’t fail every time.

Changes in 0.16.2.0

  • Improved precision for complCumulative for hypergeometric and binomial distributions. Precision improvements of geometric distribution

  • Negative binomial distribution added.

Changes in 0.16.1.2

  • Fixed bug in fromSample for exponential distribudion (#190)

Changes in 0.16.1.0

  • Dependency on monad-par is dropped. parMap from parallel is used instead.

Changes in 0.16.0.2

  • Bug in constructor of binomial distribution is fixed (#181). It accepted out-of range probability before.

Changes in 0.16.0.0

  • Random number generation switched to API introduced in random-1.2

  • Support of GHC<7.10 is dropped

  • Fix for chi-squared test (#167) which was completely wrong

  • Computation of CDF and quantiles of Cauchy distribution is now numerically stable.

  • Fix loss of precision in computing of CDF of gamma distribution

  • Log-normal and Weibull distributions added.

  • DiscreteGen instance added for DiscreteUniform

Changes in 0.15.2.0

  • Test suite is finally fixed (#42, #123). It took very-very-very long time but finally happened.

  • Avoid loss of precision when computing CDF for exponential distribution.

  • Avoid loss of precision when computing CDF for geometric distribution. Add complement of CDF.

  • Correctly handle case of n=0 in poissonCI

Changes in 0.15.1.1

  • Fix build for GHC8.0 & 7.10

Changes in 0.15.1.0

  • GHCJS support

  • Concurrent resampling now uses async instead of hand-rolled primitives

Changes in 0.15.0.0

  • Modules Statistics.Matrix.* are split into new package dense-linear-algebra and exponent field is removed from Matrix data type.

  • Module Statistics.Normalize which contains functions for normalization of samples

  • Module Statistics.Quantile reworked:

    • ContParam given Default instance
    • quantile should be used instead of continuousBy
    • median and mad are added
    • quantiles and quantilesVec functions for computation of set of quantiles added.
  • Modules Statistics.Function.Comparison and Statistics.Math.RootFinding are removed. Corresponding functionality could be found in math-functions package.

  • Fix vector index out of bounds in bootstrapBCA and bootstrapRegress (see issue #149)

Changes in 0.14.0.2

  • Compatibility fixes with older GHC

Changes in 0.14.0.1

  • Restored compatibility with GHC 7.4 & 7.6

Changes in 0.14.0.0

Breaking update. It seriously changes parts of API. It adds new data types for dealing with with estimates, confidence intervals, confidence levels and p-value. Also API for statistical tests is changed.

  • Module Statistis.Types now contains new data types for estimates, upper/lower bounds, confidence level, and p-value.

    • CL for representing confidence level
    • PValue for representing p-values
    • Estimate data type moved here from Statistis.Resampling.Bootstrap and now parametrized by type of error.
    • NormalError — represents normal error.
    • ConfInt — generic confidence interval
    • UpperLimit,LowerLimit for upper/lower limits.
  • New API for statistical tests. Instead of simply return significant/not significant it returns p-value, test statistics and distribution of test statistics if it’s available. Tests also return Nothing instead of throwing error if sample size is not sufficient. Fixes #25.

  • Statistics.Tests.Types.TestType data type dropped

  • New smart constructors for distributions are added. They return Nothing if parameters are outside of allowed range.

  • Serialization instances (Show/Read, Binary, ToJSON/FromJSON) for distributions no longer allows to create data types with invalid parameters. They will fail to parse. Cached values are not serialized either so Binary instances changed normal and F-distributions.

    Encoding to JSON changed for Normal, F-distribution, and χ² distributions. However data created using older statistics will be successfully decoded.

    Fixes #59.

  • Statistics.Resample.Bootstrap uses new data types for central estimates.

  • Function for calculation of confidence intervals for Poisson and binomial distribution added in Statistics.ConfidenceInt

  • Tests of position now allow to ask whether first sample on average larger than second, second larger than first or whether they differ significantly. Affects Wilcoxon-T, Mann-Whitney-U, and Student-T tests.

  • API for bootstrap changed. New data types added.

  • Bug fixes for #74, #81, #83, #92, #94

  • complCumulative added for many distributions.

Changes in 0.13.3.0

  • Kernel density estimation and FFT use generic versions now.

  • Code for calculation of Spearman and Pearson correlation added. Modules Statistics.Correlation.Spearman and Statistics.Correlation.Pearson.

  • Function for calculation covariance added in Statistics.Sample.

  • Statistics.Function.pair added. It zips vector and check that lengths are equal.

  • New functions added to Statistics.Matrix

  • Laplace distribution added.

Changes in 0.13.2.3

  • Vector dependency restored to >=0.10

Changes in 0.13.2.2

  • Vector dependency lowered to >=0.9

Changes in 0.13.2.1

  • Vector dependency bumped to >=0.10

Changes in 0.13.2.0

  • Support for regression bootstrap added

Changes in 0.13.1.1

  • Fix for out of bound access in bootstrap (see bos/criterion#52)

Changes in 0.13.1.0

  • All types now support JSON encoding and decoding.

Changes in 0.12.0.0

  • The Statistics.Math module has been removed, after being deprecated for several years. Use the math-functions package instead.

  • The Statistics.Test.NonParametric module has been removed, after being deprecated for several years.

  • Added support for Kendall’s tau.

  • Added support for OLS regression.

  • Added basic 2D matrix support.

  • Added the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Changes in 0.11.0.3

  • Fixed a subtle bug in calculation of the jackknifed unbiased variance.

  • The test suite now requires QuickCheck 2.7.

  • We now calculate quantiles for normal distribution in a more numerically stable way (bug #64).

Changes in 0.10.6.0

  • The Estimator type has become an algebraic data type. This allows the jackknife function to potentially use more efficient jackknife implementations.

  • jackknifeMean, jackknifeStdDev, jackknifeVariance, jackknifeVarianceUnb: new functions. These have O(n) cost instead of the O(n^2) cost of the standard jackknife.

  • The mean function has been renamed to welfordMean; a new implementation of mean has better numerical accuracy in almost all cases.

Changes in 0.10.5.2

  • histogram correctly chooses range when all elements in the sample are same (bug #57)

Changes in 0.10.5.1

  • Bug fix for S.Distributions.Normal.standard introduced in 0.10.5.0 (Bug #56)

Changes in 0.10.5.0

  • Enthropy type class for distributions is added.

  • Probability and probability density of distribution is given in log domain too.

Changes in 0.10.4.0

  • Support for versions of GHC older than 7.2 is discontinued.

  • All datatypes now support ‘Data.Binary’ and ‘GHC.Generics’.

Changes in 0.10.3.0

  • Bug fixes

Changes in 0.10.2.0

  • Bugs in DCT and IDCT are fixed.

  • Accessors for uniform distribution are added.

  • ContGen instances for all continuous distributions are added.

  • Beta distribution is added.

  • Constructor for improper gamma distribution is added.

  • Binomial distribution allows zero trials.

  • Poisson distribution now accept zero parameter.

  • Integer overflow in calculation of Wilcoxon-T test is fixed.

  • Bug in ‘ContGen’ instance for normal distribution is fixed.

Changes in 0.10.1.0

  • Kolmogorov-Smirnov nonparametric test added.

  • Pearson chi squared test added.

  • Type class for generating random variates for given distribution is added.

  • Modules ‘Statistics.Math’ and ‘Statistics.Constants’ are moved to the math-functions package. They are still available but marked as deprecated.

Changes in 0.10.0.1

  • dct and idct now have type Vector Double -> Vector Double

Changes in 0.10.0.0

  • The type classes Mean and Variance are split in two. This is required for distributions which do not have finite variance or mean.

  • The S.Sample.KernelDensity module has been renamed, and completely rewritten to be much more robust. The older module oversmoothed multi-modal data. (The older module is still available under the name S.Sample.KernelDensity.Simple).

  • Histogram computation is added, in S.Sample.Histogram.

  • Discrete Fourie transform is added, in S.Transform

  • Root finding is added, in S.Math.RootFinding.

  • The complCumulative function is added to the Distribution class in order to accurately assess probabilities P(X>x) which are used in one-tailed tests.

  • A stdDev function is added to the Variance class for distributions.

  • The constructor S.Distribution.normalDistr now takes standard deviation instead of variance as its parameter.

  • A bug in S.Quantile.weightedAvg is fixed. It produced a wrong answer if a sample contained only one element.

  • Bugs in quantile estimations for chi-square and gamma distribution are fixed.

  • Integer overflow in mannWhitneyUCriticalValue is fixed. It produced incorrect critical values for moderately large samples. Something around 20 for 32-bit machines and 40 for 64-bit ones.

  • A bug in mannWhitneyUSignificant is fixed. If either sample was larger than 20, it produced a completely incorrect answer.

  • One- and two-tailed tests in S.Tests.NonParametric are selected with sum types instead of Bool.

  • Test results returned as enumeration instead of Bool.

  • Performance improvements for Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests.

  • Module S.Tests.NonParamtric is split into S.Tests.MannWhitneyU and S.Tests.WilcoxonT

  • sortBy is added to S.Function.

  • Mean and variance for gamma distribution are fixed.

  • Much faster cumulative probability functions for Poisson and hypergeometric distributions.

  • Better density functions for gamma and Poisson distributions.

  • Student-T, Fisher-Snedecor F-distributions and Cauchy-Lorentz distribution are added.

  • The function S.Function.create is removed. Use generateM from the vector package instead.

  • Function to perform approximate comparison of doubles is added to S.Function.Comparison

  • Regularized incomplete beta function and its inverse are added to S.Function